Hart Brown explains the legal rights of employees in relation to snow disruption.

With winter weather just around the corner, Helena Woodward-Vukcevic, from law firm Hart Brown, looks at employees' rights, and advises employers to have a well drafted adverse weather policy in place. Am I entitled to be paid if I can't get into work due to snow and transportation difficulties?

The onus is on you to attend work. Generally there is no legal right entitling you to be paid by your employer if you are unable to attend work because of snow and transportation problems and technically it can be treated as an unauthorised absence. However, some employers may have contractual, collective or custom and practice arrangements in place relating to pay in such situations so you should also consider whether you would be entitled to be paid in accordance with any of these. My employer closed the office due to the weather conditions? Am I entitled to be paid?

Generally you would be entitled to be paid if your employer closes the office. If your employer makes a deduction from your pay you would have the right to bring a claim for unauthorised deduction of wages and/or breach of contract to recover the sums owed.

The exception to this is if you agree otherwise or your employment contract has a clause entitling your employer to lay you off without pay. There are complex rules which apply to such clauses and since you may be entitled to pay at a specified rate you should take legal advice.

You should check to see whether your employer has a policy to cover adverse weather. Where your usual means of transport is out of action you should explore other ways of getting into work. You should not however feel pressurised to risk your safety.

A flexible approach is likely to be the most effective way of dealing with bad weather and travel disruption and you could discuss with your employer the possibility of working from home, the nearest office, being paid but making the time up at a later date or taking the time off as paid annual leave or as unpaid time off to care for dependants.

Can my employer force me to take the time off as holiday?
Your employer cannot force you to take the time off as holiday without your agreement unless your employment contract contains an express right entitling it to do so.

My child's school is closed and therefore I cannot attend work. What are my rights?
A parent of a child has the right to take a reasonable amount of time off where it is necessary to deal with the unexpected disruption, termination or breakdown of arrangements to care for the child. You should check with your employer to see what their approach is, but usually you will not be entitled to be paid for this day. You are however protected from suffering any detriment for taking the time off. You must however tell your employer of the reason for your absence as soon as reasonably practical and how long you expect to be away from work.

What is the minimum temperature that the office should be?
Health and safety regulations state that an indoor workroom, such as an office, should provide reasonable comfort without the need for special clothing and normally be at least 16 degrees Celsius.